Polycyclic compound, organic light-emitting device including polycyclic compound, and electronic apparatus including organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

Provided are a polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1, an organic light-emitting device including the polycyclic compound, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Formula 1 may be understood by referring to the description of Formula 1 provided herein.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0076998, filed on Jun. 14, 2021, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the content of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

One or more embodiments relate to a polycyclic compound, an organic light-emitting device including the polycyclic compound, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emissive devices that, as compared with conventional devices, have wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, and excellent brightness, driving voltage, and response speed characteristics, and produce full-color images.

OLEDs include an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer between the anode and the cathode and including an emission layer. A hole transport region may be between the anode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region may be between the emission layer and the cathode. Holes provided from the anode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the cathode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. The holes and the electrons recombine in the emission layer to produce excitons. The excitons may transition from an excited state to a ground state, thus generating light.

SUMMARY

Provided are a novel polycyclic compound, an organic light-emitting device including the polycyclic compound, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure.

According to an aspect of an embodiment, a polycyclic compound is represented by Formula 1:

wherein, in Formulae 1 to 3,

CY₁ to CY₅ are each independently a C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group,

X₁ is B, P, P(═O), or N,

Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, N, B, or C(═O), and when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O), then

are not present,

E₁ is a group represented by Formula 2,

a1 to a5 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3, and i) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently N or B, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 is 1 or greater, and ii) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O), the sum of a1, a2, and a3 is 1 or greater,

L₂₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

n21 is an integer from 0 to 5,

F₁ is a group represented by Formula 3,

b1 to b3 are each independently 0 or 1, and the sum of b1, b2, and b3 is 1 or greater,

L₃₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

n31 is an integer from 0 to 3,

X₃₁ may be C(R₃₁) or N, X₃₂ may be C(R₃₂) or N, X₃₃ may be C(R₃₃) or N, X₃₄ may be C(R₃₄) or N, X₃₅ may be C(R₃₅) or N, X₃₆ may be C(R₃₆) or N, X₃₇ may be C(R₃₇) or N, and X₃₈ may be C(R₃₈) or N,

R₁₁ to R₁₅, R₂₁ to R₂₃, and R₃₁ to R₃₈ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —SF₅, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), —B(Q₆)(Q₇), or —P(═O)(Q₈)(Q₉),

at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ is each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

two adjacent groups of R₃₁ to R₃₈ may optionally be bound to form a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group,

c11 to c15 are each independently an integer from 1 to 10,

a substituent of each of the substituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl alkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group, and the substituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group is:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇), —P(═O)(Q₁₈)(Q₁₉), or any combination thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇), —P(═O)(Q₂₈)(Q₂₉), or any combination thereof;

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇), or —P(═O)(Q₃₈)(Q₃₉); or

any combination thereof,

wherein Q₁ to Q₉, Q₁₁ to Q₁₉, Q₂₁ to Q₂₉, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₉ are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; an amidino group; a hydrazine group; a hydrazone group; a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof; a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof; a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group; a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group; a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group; a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group; a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group; a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and

* indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

According to an aspect of another embodiment, an organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer and at least one polycyclic compound.

According to an aspect of another embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes the organic light-emitting device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment; and

FIG. 2 is a graph of wavelength (nanometers, nm) versus intensity (arbitrary unit, a.u.) showing a photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of a compound according to one or more embodiments and Comparative Compounds.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there are no intervening elements present

It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” “third” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section Thus, “a first element,” “component,” “region,” “layer” or “section” discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings herein.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, “a,” “an,” “the,” and “at least one” do not denote a limitation of quantity, and are intended to cover both the singular and plural, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, “an element” has the same meaning as “at least one element,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

“Or” means “and/or.” As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” or “includes” and/or “including” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Furthermore, relative terms, such as “lower” or “bottom” and “upper” or “top,” may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the Figures It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as being on the “lower” side of other elements would then be oriented on “upper” sides of the other elements The exemplary term “lower,” can therefore, encompasses both an orientation of “lower” and “upper,” depending on the particular orientation of the figure Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements would then be oriented “above” the other elements The exemplary terms “below” or “beneath” can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of above and below.

“About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 10% or 5% of the stated value.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross section illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected Thus, embodiments described herein should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions as illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, a region illustrated or described as flat may, typically, have rough and/or nonlinear features Moreover, sharp angles that are illustrated may be rounded Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region and are not intended to limit the scope of the present claims.

A polycyclic compound may be represented by Formula 1:

wherein, in Formula 1, CY₁ to CY₅ may each independently be a C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group.

In an embodiment, in Formula 1, CY₁ to CY₅ may each independently be i) a first ring, ii) a second ring, iii) a condensed ring in which at least two first rings are condensed, iv) a condensed ring in which at least two second rings are condensed, or v) a condensed ring in which at least one first ring is condensed with at least one second ring.

The first ring may be cyclopenta-1,3-diene, an indene group, an azulene group, a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a phenanthrene group, a tetracene group, a tetraphene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a triphenylene group, or a fluorene group.

The second ring may be a furan group, a thiophene group, a pyrrole group, a borole group, a silole group, a pyrrolidine group, an imidazole group, a thiazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an isothiazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, an indole group, an isoindole group, an indolizine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, an isoquinoxaline group, a carbazole group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, or a benzoborole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzosilole group, or a dibenzoborole group.

In one or more embodiments, CY₁ to CY₅ in Formula 1 may each independently be a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a carbazole group, a benzofuran group, a benzosilole group, a dibenzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzosilole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, or a quinazoline group.

In Formula 1, X₁ may be B, P, P(═O), or N.

For example, in Formula 1, X₁ may be B, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1, Y₁ and Y₂ may each independently be O, S, Se, N, B, or C(═O). When Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O),

in Formula 1 may not be present.

In some embodiments,

i) X₁ may be B, and Y₁ and Y₂ may each independently be O, S, Se, N, or C(═O);

ii) X₁ may be P or P(═O), and Y₁ and Y₂ may each independently be N; or

iii) X₁ may be N, and Y₁ and Y₂ may each independently be N, B, or C(═O).

In Formula 1, E₁ may be a group represented by Formula 2.

In Formula 1, a1 to a5 may each indicate the number of E₁(s), a1 to a5 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3, and i) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently N or B, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 may be 1 or greater, and ii) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O), the sum of a1, a2, and a3 may be 1 or greater.

In an embodiment, the sum of a1 and a2 may be 1 or 2, and the sum of a4 and a5 may be 0, 1, or 2.

In one or more embodiments, a1 may be 0, and a2 may be 1, or a1 may be 1, and a2 may be 1; and a4 may be 0, and a5 may be 1, or a4 may be 1, and a5 may be 1.

In Formula 2, L₂₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group.

In some embodiments, in Formula 2, L₂₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In Formula 2, n21 indicates the number of L₂₁(s), and n21 may be an integer from 0 to 5. When n21 is 0, (L₂₁)_(n21) may be a single bond.

In an embodiment, in Formula 2, L₂₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group, and n21 may be an integer from 0 to 5.

In an embodiment, n21 may be 0.

In Formula 1, F₁ may be a group represented by Formula 3.

In Formula 1, b1 to b3 may each indicate the number of F1(s), and b1 to b3 may each independently be 0 or 1, and the sum of b1, b2, and b3 may be 1 or greater.

For example, in Formula 1, the sum of b1, b2, and b3 may be 1, 2, or 3.

For example, in Formula 1, the sum of b1, b2, and b3 may be 1 or 2.

In some embodiments, (i) b1 and b2 may each be 1, and b3 may be 0, (ii) b1 may be 1, and b2 and b3 may each be 0, (iii) b2 may be 1, and b1 and b3 may each be 0, or (iv) b3 may be 1, and b1 and b2 may each be 0.

In Formula 3, L₃₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group.

In an embodiment, in Formula 3, L₃₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In Formula 3, n31 indicates the number of L₃₁(s), n31 may be an integer from 0 to 3, and when n31 is 2 or greater, at least two L₃₁(s) may be identical to or different from each other.

In Formula 3, X₃₁ may be C(R₃₁) or N, X₃₂ may be C(R₃₂) or N, X₃₃ may be C(R₃₃) or N, X₃₄ may be C(R₃₄) or N, X₃₅ may be C(R₃₅) or N, X₃₆ may be C(R₃₆) or N, X₃₇ may be C(R₃₇) or N, and X₃₈ may be C(R₃₈) or N.

In an embodiment, in Formula 3, X₃₁ may be C(R₃₁), X₃₂ may be C(R₃₂), X₃₃ may be C(R₃₃), X₃₄ may be C(R₃₄), X₃₅ may be C(R₃₅), X₃₆ may be C(R₃₆), X₃₇ may be C(R₃₇), and X₃₈ may be C(R₃₈).

R₁₁ to R₁₅, R₂₁ to R₂₃, and R₃₁ to R₃₈ in Formulae 1 to 3 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —SF₅, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), —B(Q₆)(Q₇), or —P(═O)(Q₈)(Q₉),

at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ in Formula 2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and

two adjacent groups of R₃₁ to R₃₈ in Formula 3 may optionally be bound to form a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group.

In Formula 1, c11 to c15 may respectively indicate the number of R11(s) to R15(s), and c11 to c15 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 10.

In an embodiment, R₁₁ to R₁₅, R₂₁ to R₂₃, and R₃₁ to R₃₈ may each independently be:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a dibenzosilolyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof; or

—N(Q₁)(Q₂),

wherein Q₁, Q₂, Q₃₄, and Q₃₅ may each independently be: a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group; a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group, or any combination thereof.

In an embodiment, in Formula 2, at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ may each independently be a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a dibenzosilolyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof.

In an embodiment, in Formula 2, at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and

groups other than the substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or the substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group in R₂₁ to R₂₃ may each independently be:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; or

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 2, at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and groups other than the substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or the substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group in R₂₁ to R₂₃ may each be a group that is not hydrogen, e.g., a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group.

In an embodiment, in Formula 2, a group represented by *—C(R₂₁)(R₂₂)(R₂₃) may be a group represented by Formula 2-1:

wherein, in Formula 2-1,

R₂₁ and R₂₂ may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of R₂₁ and R₂₂ provided herein,

R₂₀₁ may be: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇), —P(═O)(Q₁₈)(Q₁₉), or any combination thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇), —P(═O)(Q₂₈)(Q₂₉), or any combination thereof; or

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇), or —P(═O)(Q₃₈)(Q₃₉).

In some embodiments, in Formula 2-1,

R₂₁ and R₂₂ may each independently be: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; or

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or any combination thereof, and

R₂₀₁ may be: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; or

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or any combination thereof.

In an embodiment, in Formula 2-1, R₂₁ and R₂₂ may each independently be a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or any combination thereof.

In Formula 2-1, c201 may be an integer from 1 to 5.

In Formula 2-1, * indicates a binding site to (L₂₁)_(n21).

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 2, a group represented by *—C(R₂₁)(R₂₂)(R₂₃) may be a group represented by one of Formulae 2-11 to 2-31:

wherein, in Formulae 2-21 to 2-31,

R₂₁, R₂₂, and R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₅ may each independently be a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or any combination thereof, and

* indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

In an embodiment, in Formula 1, F1 may be a group represented by one of Formulae 3-1 to 3-8:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-8,

“t-Bu” represents a tert-butyl group,

“Ph” represents a phenyl group, and

* indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

In an embodiment, the polycyclic compound may be represented by one of Formulae 1-1 to 1-5:

wherein, in Formulae 1-1 to 1-5,

X₂ may be O or S,

in Formula 1-1, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 may be 1 or greater, and the sum of b1, b2, and b3 may be 1 or greater,

in Formulae 1-2 to 1-5, the sum of a2, a3, a4, and a5 may be 1 or greater, and the sum of b2 and b3 may be 1 or greater, and

X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, a1 to a5, F₁, b1 to b3, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and c11 to c15 may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, a1 to a5, F1, b1 to b3, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and c11 to c15 provided herein.

In one or more embodiments, the polycyclic compound may be represented by Formula 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-1C, 1-2A, or 1-2B:

wherein, in Formulae 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-1C, 1-2A, or 1-2B,

Z_(11a) to Z_(11f) may each independently be R₁₁ or E1,

Z_(12a) to Z_(12d) may each independently be R₁₂ or E₁,

Z_(13a) and Z_(13b) may each independently be R₁₃ or E₁,

Z_(14a) to Z_(14e) may each independently be R₁₄ or E₁,

Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) may each independently be R₁₅ or E₁,

at least one of Z_(11a) to Z_(11d), Z_(12a) to Z_(12d), Z_(13a), Z_(13b), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1A may be E₁,

at least one Of Z_(11a) to Z_(11d), Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1B may be E₁,

at least one of Z_(11a), Z_(11c), Z_(11d), Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1C may be E₁,

at least one of Z_(11a) to Z₁₁f, Z_(12a) to Z_(12d), Z_(13a), Z_(13b), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-2A may be E₁,

at least one of Z_(11a) to Z₁₁f, Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-2B may be E₁,

X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and X₃₁ to X₃₈ may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and X₃₁ to X₃₈ provided herein, and

X₄₁ to X₄₈ may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of X₃₁ to X₃₈ provided herein.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1-1A,

i) Z_(12c) may be E₁;

ii) Z_(11b) and Z_(12c) may each be E₁, and Z_(11b) and Z_(12c) may be identical to or different from each other;

iii) Z_(12c) and Z₁₅b may each be E₁, and Z_(12c) and Z_(15b) may be identical to or different from each other;

iv) Z_(12b) and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(12b) and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from each other; or

v) Z_(11c), Z_(12b), Z_(14c), and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(11c), Z_(12b), Z_(14c), and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from one another.

For example, in Formula 1-1B, i) Z_(13c) may be E₁, or ii) Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from each other.

For example, in Formula 1-1C, i) Z_(13c) may be E₁, or ii) Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from each other.

In some embodiments, in Formula 1-2A,

i) Z_(12c) may be E₁; or

ii) Z_(12b) and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(12b) and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from each other.

For example, in Formula 1-2B, i) Z_(13c) may be E₁, or ii) Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may each be E₁, and Z_(13c) and Z_(15c) may be identical to or different from each other.

In an embodiment, in Formulae 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-1C, 1-2A, and 1-2B, X₁ may be B, and Y₁ and Y₂ may each be N.

In the present specification, a substituent of each of the substituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl alkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group, and the substituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group may be:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇), —P(═O)(Q₁₈)(Q₁₉), or any combination thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇), —P(═O)(Q₂₈)(Q₂₉), or any combination thereof;

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇), or —P(═O)(Q₃₈)(Q₃₉); or

any combination thereof,

wherein Q₁ to Q, Q₁₁ to Q₁₉, Q₂₁ to Q₂₉, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₉ may each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; an amidino group; a hydrazine group; a hydrazone group; a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof; a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof; a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group; a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group; a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group; a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group; a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group; a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The polycyclic compound may be one of Compounds 1 to 62, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

In the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 may be 1 or greater. That is, the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one group represented by Formula 2 as a substituent. Accordingly, without wishing to be bound by theory, in the group represented by Formula 2, due to sp³ carbon in *—C(R₂₁)(R₂₂)(R₂₃), the conjugation length of the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be shortened. Thus, a maximum emission wavelength of the polycyclic compound may be blue-shifted. Accordingly, an electronic device, e.g., an organic light-emitting device, including the polycyclic compound may emit, for example, deep blue light with high efficiency.

Further, in the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1, the sum of b1, b2, and b3 may be 1 or greater. That is, the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one group represented by Formula 3 as a substituent. Accordingly, orbital energy control of the polycyclic compound may be facilitated, thus optimizing an energy level to emit deep blue light.

The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level, S₁ energy level (emission), S₁ energy level (absorption), and T₁ energy level (emission) of each of Compounds 2, 4, 19, and 25 of polycyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 and Comparative Compound C₁ were evaluated by using Gaussian 09 that performs molecular structure optimizations according to density functional theory (DFT) at a degree of B3LYP. The results thereof are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 S₁ S₁ T₁ HOMO LUMO (emission) (absorption) (emission) No. (eV) (eV) (eV) (eV) (eV) 19 −4.897 −1.227 3.124 3.188 2.669 25 −4.905 −1.302 3.067 3.127 2.622  2 −4.807 −1.191 3.072 3.133 2.611  4 −4.798 −1.189 3.062 3.127 2.605 C1 −4.681 −1.008 3.052 3.114 2.597 Compound C1  

 

 

 

Compounds 2, 4, 19, and 25 were each found to have a deeper HOMO energy level, as compared with Comparative Compound C1.

The polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be suitable for use as an organic layer material of an organic light-emitting device, for example, an emission layer material, a hole transport region material, and/or an electron transport region material of the organic layer.

Accordingly, according to an aspect of another embodiment, an organic light-emitting device may include: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer and at least one polycyclic compound described above.

Since the organic light-emitting device has an organic layer including the polycyclic compound, the organic light-emitting device may have a low driving voltage, high efficiency, high luminance, high quantum efficiency, and long lifespan.

As used herein, the expression the “(organic layer) includes at least one polycyclic compound” may be construed as meaning the “(organic layer) may include one polycyclic compound of Formula 1 or two different polycyclic compounds of Formula 1.”

For example, Compound 1 may only be included as the polycyclic compound in the organic layer. In this embodiment, Compound 1 may be included in the emission layer of the organic light-emitting device. In some embodiments, the organic layer may include Compounds 1 and 2 as the polycyclic compounds. In this embodiment, Compounds 1 and 2 may both be included in the same layer (for example, both Compounds 1 and 2 may be included in the emission layer).

In an embodiment, the at least one polycyclic compound may be included in the emission layer of the organic light-emitting device.

For example, the emission layer in the organic light-emitting device may include a host and a dopant, and the dopant may include the at least one polycyclic compound. That is, the polycyclic compound may serve as a dopant. The emission layer may emit blue light, for example, blue light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of about 440 nanometers (nm) to about 470 nm.

In some embodiments, the at least one polycyclic compound may serve as a host in the emission layer. In this embodiment, the emission layer may further include a phosphorescent dopant as an emission dopant.

In some embodiments, the at least one polycyclic compound may serve as an ancillary dopant in the emission layer.

The first electrode may be anode, which is a hole injection electrode, and the second electrode may be a cathode, which is an electron injection electrode. Alternatively, the first electrode may be a cathode, which is an electron injection electrode, and the second electrode may be an anode, which is a hole injection electrode.

In some embodiments, the first electrode may be an anode, the second electrode may be a cathode, and the organic layer may include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or a combination thereof, and the electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or a combination thereof.

For example, the polycyclic compound may be included in at least one of the hole transport region and the electron transport region.

Description of FIG. 1

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device 10 according to an exemplary embodiment. Hereinafter, a structure of an organic light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device will be described with reference to FIG. 1 .

The organic light-emitting device 10 in FIG. 1 may include a first electrode 11, an organic layer 15, and a second electrode 19, which may be sequentially layered in this stated order.

A substrate may be additionally disposed under the first electrode 11 or on the second electrode 19. The substrate may be any conventional substrate used in organic light-emitting devices, e.g., a glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate, each having excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and water repellency.

The first electrode 11 may be produced by depositing or sputtering, onto the substrate, a material for forming the first electrode 11. The first electrode 11 may be an anode. The material for forming the first electrode 11 may be selected from materials with a high work function for easy hole injection.

The first electrode 11 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. The material for forming the first electrode 11 may be indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), or zinc oxide (ZnO). In some embodiments, the material for forming the first electrode 11 may be a metal, such as magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), or magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag).

The first electrode 11 may have a single-layered structure or a multi-layered structure including a plurality of layers. In some embodiments, the first electrode 11 may have a triple-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

The organic layer 15 may be on the first electrode 11.

The organic layer 15 may include a hole transport region, an emission layer, and an electron transport region.

The hole transport region may be between the first electrode 11 and the emission layer.

The hole transport region may include at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a buffer layer, or any combination thereof.

The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer only or a hole transport layer only. In some embodiments, the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer which are sequentially stacked on the first electrode 11. In some embodiments, the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer, which are sequentially stacked on the first electrode 11.

When the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, the hole injection layer may be formed on the first electrode 11 by using one or more suitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition.

When a hole injection layer is formed by vacuum-deposition, for example, the vacuum deposition may be performed at a temperature in a range of about 100° C. to about 500° C., at a vacuum pressure in a range of about 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr, and at a rate in a range of about 0.01 Angstroms per second (Å/sec) to about 100 Å/sec, though the conditions may vary depending on a compound used as a hole injection material and a structure and thermal properties of a desired hole injection layer, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

When a hole injection layer is formed by spin coating, the spin coating may be performed at a rate in a range of about 2,000 revolutions per minute (rpm) to about 5,000 rpm and at a temperature in a range of about 80° C. to 200° C. to facilitate removal of a solvent after the spin coating, though the conditions may vary depending on a compound used as a hole injection material and a structure and thermal properties of a desired hole injection layer, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

The conditions for forming a hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer may be inferred from the conditions for forming the hole injection layer.

The hole transport region may include at least one of m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB, p-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS), polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA), (polyaniline)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

wherein, in Formula 201, Ar₁₀₁ and Ar₁₀₂ may each independently be a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, or a pentacenylene group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, or any combination thereof.

In Formula 201, xa and xb may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5. In some embodiments, xa and xb may each independently be 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, xa may be 1, and xb may be 0, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In Formulae 201 and 202, R₁₀₁ to R₁₀₈, R₁₁₁ to R₁₁₉, and R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄ may each independently be:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, pentyl group, or a hexyl group), or a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, or a pentoxy group);

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, or any combination thereof; or

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, or a pyrenyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, or any combination thereof.

In Formula 201, R₁₀₉ may be a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, or a pyridinyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyridinyl group, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A:

wherein, in Formula 201A, R₁₀₁, R₁₁₁, R₁₁₂, and R₁₀₉ may respectively be understood by referring to the descriptions of R₁₀₁, R₁₁₁, R₁₁₂, and R₁₀₉ provided herein.

In some embodiments, the hole transport region may include one of Compounds HT1 to HT20 or any combination thereof:

The thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about 100 Angstroms (Å) to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. When the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, the thickness of the hole transport layer may be in a range of about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,500 Å. When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within any of these ranges, excellent hole transport characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The hole transport region may include a charge generating material as well as the aforementioned materials, to improve conductive properties of the hole transport region. The charge generating material may be substantially homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the hole transport region.

The charge generating material may include, for example, a p-dopant. The p-dopant may be a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, a compound containing a cyano group, or any combination thereof, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, non-limiting examples of the p-dopant include a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4-TCNQ), or F6-TCNNQ; a metal oxide, such as a tungsten oxide or a molybdenum oxide; and a compound containing a cyano group, such as Compound HT-D1 or Compound HT-D2, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The hole transport region may further include a buffer layer.

The buffer layer may compensate for an optical resonance distance depending on a wavelength of light emitted from the emission layer to improve the efficiency of an organic light-emitting device.

The emission layer may be formed on the hole transport region by using one or more suitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, or LB deposition. When the emission layer is formed by vacuum deposition or spin coating, vacuum deposition and coating conditions for forming the emission layer may be generally similar to those conditions for forming a hole injection layer, though the conditions may vary depending on a compound that is used.

The hole transport region may further include an electron blocking layer. The electron blocking layer may include any suitable known material, e.g., mCP, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The thickness of the electron blocking layer may be in a range of about 50 Å to about 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 70 Å to about 500 Å. When the thickness of the electron blocking layer is within any of these ranges, excellent electron blocking characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organic light-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer. In some embodiments, the emission layer may have a structure in which the red emission layer, the green emission layer, and/or the blue emission layer are layered to emit white light. In some embodiments, the structure of the emission layer may vary.

The emission layer may include the polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

When the emission layer includes the host and the dopant, an amount of the dopant may be selected from a range of about 0.01 parts to about 20 parts by weight based on about 100 parts by weight of the emission layer, but embodiments are not limited thereto. When the amount of the dopant is within this range, light emission without quenching may be realized.

The thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When the thickness of the emission layer is within any of these ranges, improved luminescence characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

Next, an electron transport region may be formed on the emission layer.

The electron transport region may include at least one of a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the electron transport region may have a hole blocking layer/an electron transport layer/an electron injection layer structure or an electron transport layer/an electron injection layer structure, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The electron transport layer may have a single-layered structure or a multi-layered structure including two or more different materials.

The conditions for forming a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer may be inferred based on the conditions for forming the hole injection layer.

When the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, the hole blocking layer, for example, may include at least one of BCP and Bphen, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The thickness of the hole blocking layer may be in a range of about 20 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When the thickness of the hole blocking layer is within any of these ranges, excellent hole blocking characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The electron transport layer may include at least one of BCP, BPhen, Alq₃, BAlq, TAZ, and NTAZ:

In some embodiments, the electron transport layer may include at least one of Compounds ET1 to ET25, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within any of these ranges, excellent electron transport characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The electron transport layer may further include a material containing metal, in addition to the materials described above.

The material containing metal may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, e.g., Compound ET-D1 (LiQ) or Compound ET-D2:

The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 19.

The electron injection layer may include at least one of LiQ, LiF, NaCl, CsF, Li₂O, BaO, or any combination thereof.

The thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of about 1 Å to about 100 Å, and in some embodiments, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within any of these ranges, excellent electron injection characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The second electrode 19 may be on the organic layer 15. The second electrode 19 may be a cathode. A material for forming the second electrode 19 may be a material with a relatively low work function, such as a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixture thereof. Examples of the material for forming the second electrode 19 may include lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), and magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag). In some embodiments, ITO or IZO may be used to form a transmissive second electrode 19 to manufacture a top emission light-emitting device. In some embodiments, the material for forming the second electrode 19 may vary.

Hereinbefore the organic light-emitting device 10 has been described with reference to FIG. 1 , but embodiments are not limited thereto.

General Definitions of Terms

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group” as used herein refers to a linear or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, and a hexyl group. The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group” as used herein refers to a monovalent group represented by —OA₁₀₁ (wherein A₁₀₁ is a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group). Examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and an isopropyloxy group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group” as used herein refers to a group formed by including at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or at the terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group” as used herein refers to a group formed by including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include an ethynyl group and a propynyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group including 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group including at least one heteroatom of N, O, P, Si, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a tetrahydrofuranyl group and a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group including 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring, wherein the molecular structure as a whole is non-aromatic. Examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent monocyclic group including at least one heteroatom of N, O, P, Si, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one double bond in its ring. Examples of the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group and a 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. The term “C₆-C₆₀ arylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Examples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group each include at least two rings, the at least two rings may be fused.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom of N, O, P, Si, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom of N, O, P, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms.

Examples of the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. When the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and the C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group each include at least two rings, the at least two rings may be fused.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group” as used herein refers to —OA₁₀₂ (wherein A₁₀₂ is a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group). The term “C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group” as used herein refers to —SA₁₀₃ (wherein A₁₀₃ is a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as used herein refers to a monovalent group that has two or more condensed rings and only carbon atoms (e.g., the number of carbon atoms may be in a range of 8 to 60) as ring-forming atoms, wherein the molecular structure as a whole is non-aromatic. Examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group include a fluorenyl group. The term “divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” as used herein refers to a monovalent group that has two or more condensed rings and a heteroatom of N, O, P, Si, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof and carbon atoms (e.g., the number of carbon atoms may be in a range of 1 to 60) as ring-forming atoms, wherein the molecular structure as a whole is non-aromatic. Examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group include a carbazolyl group. The term “divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term “C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group” as used herein refers to a saturated or unsaturated cyclic group including 5 to 30 carbon atoms only as ring-forming atoms. The C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group may be a monocyclic group or a polycyclic group.

The term “C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group” as used herein refers to saturated or unsaturated cyclic group including 1 to 30 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom of N, O, P, Si, B, Se, Te, Ge, S, or any combination thereof as ring-forming atoms. The C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group may be a monocyclic group or a polycyclic group.

As used herein, the number of carbons in each group that is substituted (e.g., C₁-C₆₀) excludes the number of carbons in the substituent. For example, a C₁-C₆ alkyl group can be substituted with a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group. The total number of carbons included in the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group substituted with the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group is not limited to 60 carbons. In addition, more than one C₁-C₆₀ alkyl substituent may be present on the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

This definition is not limited to the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group and applies to all substituted groups that recite a carbon range.

At least one substituent of the substituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇), —P(═O)(Q₁₈)(Q₁₉), or any combination thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇), —P(═O)(Q₂₈)(Q₂₉), or any combination thereof; or

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇), or —P(═O)(Q₃₈)(Q₃₉),

wherein Q₁ to Q, Q₁₁ to Q₁₉, Q₂₁ to Q₂₉, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₉ may each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; an amidino group; a hydrazine group; a hydrazone group; a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof; a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof; a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group; a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group; a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group; a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group; a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group; a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

For example, Q₁ to Q₉, Q₁₁ to Q₁₉, Q₂₁ to Q₂₉, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₉ in this specification may each independently be:

—CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃, —CHDCD₂H, —CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, or —CD₂CDH₂; or an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neopentyl group, an isopentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group, or any combination thereof.

The term “room temperature” as used herein refers to a temperature of about 25° C.

The terms “a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a tetraphenyl group” as used herein each refer to a monovalent group having two, three, and four phenyl groups linked via a single bond, respectively.

As used herein, the number of carbons in each group that is substituted (e.g., C₁-C₆₀) excludes the number of carbons in the substituent. For example, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group can be substituted with a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group. The total number of carbons included in the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group substituted with the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group is not limited to 60 carbons. In addition, more than one C₁-C₆₀ alkyl substituent may be present on the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group. This definition is not limited to the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group and applies to all substituted groups that recite a carbon range.

Hereinafter, a compound and an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The wording “B was used instead of A” used in describing Synthesis Examples means that an amount of B used was identical to an amount of A used based on molar equivalence.

EXAMPLES Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 19

Compound 19 may be synthesized as follows:

Synthesis of Intermediate 19-1

3-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)aniline (1 eq.), 4-bromo-1,1′-biphenyl (1 eq.), PdCl₂(AmPhos)₂ (5 mol %), and NaOtBu (1.5 eq.) were dissolved in toluene, followed by stirring at a temperature of 80° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After cooling, an extraction process was performed using ethyl acetate and NH₄Cl (aq.) three times to obtain an organic layer. The resulting organic layer was dried using MgSO₄, followed by drying under a reduced pressure. Then, a purification process through flash column chromatography was performed to obtain Intermediate 19-1. (yield: 75%)

Synthesis of Intermediate 19-2

9-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-9H-carbazole (1 eq.), Intermediate 19-1 (2.1 eq.), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.1 eq.), SPhos (0.2 eq.), and NaOtBu (2.5 eq.) were dissolved in xylene, followed by stirring at a temperature of 140° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere for 2 hours. After cooling, an extraction process was performed using ethyl acetate and NH₄Cl (aq.) three times to obtain an organic layer. The resulting organic layer was dried using MgSO₄, followed by drying under a reduced pressure. Then, a purification process through flash column chromatography was performed to obtain Intermediate 19-2. (yield: 33%)

Synthesis of Compound 19

Intermediate 19-2 (1 eq.) was dissolved in t-butyl benzene, and the solution was cooled to −78° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, t-BuLi (2.1 eq.) was slowly added dropwise thereto. Once the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 60° C., followed by stirring for 1 hour. Then, after re-cooling to −78° C., BBr₃ (2.0 eq.) was slowly added dropwise thereto. The temperature of the reaction solution was set to a room temperature, followed by stirring for 2 hours. Then, after re-cooling to −78° C., diisopropylethylamine (2.1 eq.) was added thereto, followed by stirring for 4 hours at a temperature of 120° C. Once the reaction was complete, an organic layer was washed three times using dichloromethane and sodium acetate (aq.) to obtain an organic layer.

The resulting organic layer was dried using MgSO₄, followed by drying under a reduced pressure. Then, a purification process through flash column chromatography was performed to obtain Compound 19. (yield: 20%)

MS Cal.: 973.457, found: 973.471.

Evaluation Example 1: Evaluation of Photoluminescence (PL) Spectrum

Compounds 19 and 25 and Comparative Compounds C2, C3, and C4 were each diluted in toluene at a concentration of 10 molar (M). Then, the PL spectrum of each of the compounds was measured by using an ISC PC1 spectrofluorometer, in which a xenon lamp is mounted. The results thereof are shown in FIG. 2 .

As shown in the PL spectra in FIG. 2 , an emission wavelength of Compound 19 according to an embodiment was blue-shifted, as compared with Comparative Compounds C2, C3, and C4, and a maximum emission wavelength of Compound 25 according to an embodiment was similar with that of Comparative Compound C2, however, the FWHM of Compound 25 was smaller than that of Comparative Compound C2.

Example 1

A glass substrate having 500 Å of indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode (first electrode, anode) deposited thereon was washed with distilled water in the presence of ultrasound waves. Once the washing with distilled water was complete, ultrasound wave washing was performed on the substrate by using isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and methanol in this stated order. Subsequently, the substrate was dried, transferred to a plasma washer, washed for 5 minutes using oxygen plasma, and mounted in a vacuum deposition device.

Compound HT3 was vacuum-deposited on the ITO electrode of the glass substrate to form a first hole injection layer having a thickness of 3,500 Å. Compound HT-D1 was vacuum-deposited on the first hole injection layer to form a second hole injection layer having a thickness of 300 Å, and TAPC was vacuum-deposited on the second hole injection layer to form an electron blocking layer having a thickness of 100 Å, thereby forming a hole transport region.

A first host (Compound H1) and a second host (Compound H2) at a volume ratio of 6:4 as co-hosts, a sensitizer (Compound S-2) at a weight ratio of 15% (of the co-hosts), and an emitter (Compound 19) at a weight ratio of 0.5% (of the co-hosts) were co-deposited on the hole transport region host to a thickness of 300 Å to form an emission layer.

Compound ET3 was vacuum-deposited on the emission layer to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of 250 Å, ET-D1 (Liq) was deposited on the electron transport layer to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 5 Å, and an Al second electrode (a cathode) was formed on the electron injection layer to have a thickness of 1,000 Å, thereby completing the manufacture of an organic light-emitting device.

Example 2

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Compound 25 was used instead of Compound 19 as an emitter in the formation of the emission layer.

Comparative Example 1

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Compound C2 was used instead of Compound 19 as an emitter in the formation of the emission layer.

Comparative Example 2

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Compound C1 was used instead of Compound 19 as an emitter in the formation of the emission layer.

Evaluation Example 2: Evaluation of Characteristics of Organic Light-Emitting Device

The maximum emission wavelength of the EL spectrum, the maximum external quantum luminescence efficiency, and lifespan (T₈₀) of each of the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated. The results thereof are shown in Table 2. The lifespan (T₈₀) indicates time (hour) for the luminance of each light-emitting device to decline to 80% of its initial luminance of 100%. EL spectra of the manufactured organic light-emitting devices at a luminance of 1,000 candelas per square meter (cd/m²) were measured by using a luminance meter (Minolta Cs-1000A). Then, the maximum emission wavelength was evaluated. A Keithley 2400 current voltmeter and a luminance meter (Minolta Cs-1000A) were used in evaluation of the external quantum luminescence efficiency. The maximum external quantum efficiency in Table 2 is shown as a percentage based on 16.3% of the external quantum efficiency of Comparative Example 1. The lifespan (T₈₀) in Table 2 is shown as a percentage of the lifespan (T₈₀) of Comparative Example 1.

TABLE 2 Maximum Maximum external emission quantum Compound wavelength efficiency No. (nm) (%) T₈₀ Example 1 19 445 106% 453% Example 2 25 452 110% 410% Comparative C2 462 100% 100% Example 1 Comparative C1 460 101% 160% Example 2 Compound C2  

  Compound C1  

Referring to the results in Table 2, the organic light-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 were each found to have an improved maximum external quantum efficiency, as compared with the organic light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In particular, lifespan characteristics of the organic light-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 were significantly improved, as compared with the organic light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

As apparent from the foregoing description, an organic light-emitting device including the polycyclic compound may have a high efficiency and a high colorimetric purity.

It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1

wherein, in Formulae 1 to 3, CY₁ to CY₅ are each independently a C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group, X₁ is B, P, P(═O), or N, Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, N, B, or C(═O), and when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O),

are not present, E₁ is a group represented by Formula 2, a1 to a5 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3, and i) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently N or B, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 is 1 or greater, and ii) when Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, or C(═O), the sum of a1, a2, and a3 is 1 or greater, L₂₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, n21 is an integer from 0 to 5, F₁ is a group represented by Formula 3, b1 to b3 are each independently 0 or 1, and the sum of b1, b2, and b3 is 1 or greater, L₃₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, n31 is an integer from 0 to 3, X₃₁ is C(R₃₁) or N, X₃₂ is C(R₃₂) or N, X₃₃ is C(R₃₃) or N, X₃₄ is C(R₃₄) or N, X₃₅ is C(R₃₅) or N, X₃₆ is C(R₃₆) or N, X₃₇ is C(R₃₇) or N, and X₃₈ is C(R₃₈) or N, R₁₁ to R₁₅, R₂₁ to R₂₃, and R₃₁ to R₃₈ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —SF₅, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), —B(Q₆)(Q₇), or —P(═O)(Q₈)(Q₉), at least one of R₂₁ to R₂₃ are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, two adjacent groups of R₃₁ to R₃₈ are optionally bound to form a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group, c11 to c15 are each independently an integer from 1 to 10, a substituent of each of the substituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl alkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group, and the substituted C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group is: deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇), —P(═O)(Q₁₈)(Q₁₉), or any combination thereof; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇), —P(═O)(Q₂₈)(Q₂₉), or any combination thereof; N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇), or —P(═O)(Q₃₈)(Q₃₉); or any combination thereof, wherein Q₁ to Q, Q₁₁ to Q₁₉, Q₂₁ to Q₂₉, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₉ are each independently: hydrogen; deuterium; —F; —Cl; —Br; —I; a hydroxyl group; a cyano group; a nitro group; an amidino group; a hydrazine group; a hydrazone group; a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof; a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof; a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group; a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group; a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or any combination thereof; a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group; a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group; a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group; a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group; or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and * indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.
 2. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein CY₁ to CY₅ in Formula 1 are each independently a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a carbazole group, a benzofuran group, a dibenzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, a dibenzosilole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, or a quinazoline group.
 3. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein i) X₁ is B, and Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently O, S, Se, N, or C(═O); ii) X₁ is P or P(═O), and Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently N; or iii) X₁ is N, and Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently N, B, or C(═O).
 4. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein the sum of a1 and a2 is 1 or 2, and the sum of a4 and a5 is 0, 1, or
 2. 5. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein the sum of b1, b2, and b3 is 1 or
 2. 6. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein (i) b1 and b2 are each 1, and b3 is 0, (ii) b1 is 1, and b2 and b3 are each 0, (iii) b2 is 1, and b1 and b3 are each 0, or (iv) b3 is 1, and b1 and b2 are each
 0. 7. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein R₂₁ to R₂₃ in Formula 2 are each independently a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a dibenzosilolyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof.
 8. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein a group represented by *—C(R₂₁)(R₂₂)(R₂₃) in Formula 2 is a group represented by Formula 2-1:

wherein, in Formula 2-1, R₂₁ and R₂₂ are each independently: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; or a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or any combination thereof, R₂₀₁ is: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; or a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or any combination thereof, c201 is an integer from 1 to 5, and * indicates a binding site to (L₂₁)_(n21).
 9. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein a group represented by *—C(R₂₁)(R₂₂)(R₂₃) in Formula 2 is represented by one of Formulae 2-11 to 2-31:

wherein, in Formulae 2-21 to 2-31, R₂₁, R₂₂, and R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₅ are each independently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or any combination thereof, and * indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.
 10. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein X₃₁ is C(R₃₁), X₃₂ is C(R₃₂), X₃₃ is C(R₃₃), X₃₄ is C(R₃₄), X₃₅ is C(R₃₅), X₃₆ is C(R₃₆), X₃₇ is C(R₃₇), and X₃₈ is C(R₃₈).
 11. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein R₁₁ to R₁₅, R₂₁ to R₂₃, and R₃₁ to R₃₈ are each independently: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof; a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a dibenzosilolyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₂₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an indazolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a silolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or any combination thereof; or N(Q₁)(Q₂), wherein Q₁, Q₂, Q₃₄, and Q₃₅ are each independently: a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group; a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group; a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, each unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group, or any combination thereof.
 12. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein the polycyclic compound is represented by one of Formulae 1-1 to 1-5:

wherein, in Formulae 1-1 to 1-5, X₂ is O or S, in Formula 1-1, the sum of a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 is 1 or greater, and the sum of b1, b2, and b3 is 1 or greater, in Formulae 1-2 to 1-5, the sum of a2, a3, a4, and a5 is 1 or greater, and the sum of b2 and b3 is 1 or greater, and X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, a1 to a5, F1, b1 to b3, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and c11 to c15 are respectively understood by referring to the descriptions of X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, a1 to a5, F1, b1 to b3, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and c11 to c15 in claim
 1. 13. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein the polycyclic compound is represented by one of Formulae 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-1C, 1-2A, and 1-2B:

wherein, in Formulae 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-1C, 1-2A, and 1-2B, Z_(11a) to Z_(11f) are each independently R₁₁ or E₁, Z_(12a) to Z_(12d) are each independently R₁₂ or E₁, Z_(13a) to Z_(12c) are each independently R₁₃ or E₁, Z_(14a) to Z_(14e) are each independently R₁₄ or E₁, Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) are each independently R₁₅ or E₁, at least one of Z_(11a) to Z_(11d), Z_(12a) to Z_(12d), Z_(13a), Z_(13b), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1A is E₁, at least one Of Z_(11a) to Z_(11d), Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1B is E₁, at least one of Z_(11a), Z_(11c), Z_(11d), Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-1C is E₁, at least one of Z_(11a) to Z₁₁f, Z_(12a) to Z_(12d), Z_(13a), Z_(13b), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-2A is E₁, at least one of Z_(11a) to Z₁₁f, Z_(12a), Z_(12b), Z_(12d), Z_(13a) to Z_(13c), Z_(14a) to Z_(14e), and Z_(15a) to Z_(15e) in Formula 1-2B is E₁, X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and X₃₁ to X₃₈ are respectively understood by referring to the descriptions of X₁, Y₁, Y₂, E₁, R₁₁ to R₁₅, and X₃₁ to X₃₈ in claim 1, and X₄₁ to X₄₈ are respectively understood by referring to the descriptions of X₃₁ to X₃₈ in Formula
 3. 14. The polycyclic compound of claim 1, wherein the polycyclic compound is represented by at least one of Compounds 1 to 62:


15. An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer, wherein the organic layer comprises at least one polycyclic compound of claim
 1. 16. The organic light-emitting device of claim 15, wherein the at least one polycyclic compound is included in the emission layer.
 17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 16, wherein the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, and the dopant comprises the at least one polycyclic compound.
 18. The organic light-emitting device of claim 16, wherein the emission layer emits blue light.
 19. The organic light-emitting device of claim 15, wherein the first electrode is an anode, the second electrode is a cathode, the organic layer comprises a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.
 20. An electronic apparatus comprising the organic light-emitting device of claim
 15. 